Power efficiency has become one of the defining challenges in contemporary semiconductor design. From battery-powered consumer devices to large-scale data centers, controlling power consumption directly impacts performance, reliability, cost, and environmental sustainability. As process technologies advance and integration levels increase, power is no longer a secondary consideration—... https://keeganakkjm.blogsumer.com/38447045/the-importance-of-end-to-end-design-flow-understanding-in-vlsi-engineering